Elbow Arthritis: Tips to Protect Your Joints as You Age

By Dr. Terrell Joseph, Board-Certified Orthopedic Surgeon Specializing in Shoulder & Elbow Care

As we age, joint pain and stiffness can creep in, sometimes subtly, sometimes all at once. For many active adults, elbow arthritis isn’t the first condition that comes to mind, but it’s more common than you might think. Whether it's the result of years of repetitive motion, past injury, or simply the natural wear and tear of aging, elbow arthritis can lead to pain, limited motion, and a stiff elbow joint that interferes with everyday life.

Fortunately, there are ways to slow its progression and stay ahead of elbow stiffness. Here’s what I recommend to keep your elbows healthy and functional for the long haul.

What Is Elbow Arthritis?

Elbow arthritis occurs when the cartilage that cushions the bones of the elbow begins to break down. This can happen due to osteoarthritis (general joint wear), rheumatoid arthritis (autoimmune inflammation), or post-traumatic arthritis (from an old injury).

"Most patients come in because they’ve noticed they can’t fully straighten or bend their arm, or they’re having increasing pain with motion,” says Dr. Terrell Joseph, an orthopedic surgeon specializing in elbow care. “That classic stiff elbow joint can really affect daily activities, from lifting groceries to playing tennis.”

Common Signs of Elbow Arthritis

You might have elbow arthritis if you’re experiencing:

• Gradual onset of joint pain, especially with movement

• Reduced range of motion

• Swelling or tenderness at the elbow

• Clicking or locking

• A progressively stiff elbow joint that limits function

These symptoms can develop slowly and may be dismissed at first. But catching them early can help prevent further damage and avoid long-term disability from elbow stiffness.

Non-Surgical Strategies to Protect Your Elbow

Not all cases of elbow arthritis require surgery. In fact, the majority of patients benefit from conservative management, especially in the early stages.

"Activity modification, targeted exercises, and the right therapy plan can make a big difference," says Dr. Joseph. "The goal is to keep the joint moving while minimizing stress and inflammation."

Here are a few of my top tips:

• Stay active, but smart: Avoid activities that overload the elbow, like heavy lifting or repetitive overhead motion.

• Stretch and strengthen: Gentle range-of-motion exercises can help preserve flexibility in a stiff elbow joint. Strengthening surrounding muscles supports the joint.

• Ice and anti-inflammatories: Cold therapy and over-the-counter medications can reduce swelling and ease elbow stiffness.

• Consider injections: Corticosteroid injections may offer temporary relief from inflammation and pain.

When Is Surgery Needed?

If conservative treatment fails or symptoms worsen, surgical options may be considered. These can range from minimally invasive procedures like elbow arthroscopy (to remove bone spurs and loose bodies) to joint replacement in severe cases of elbow arthritis.

“Surgery is always a last resort,” says Dr. Joseph, “but for some patients, it’s the best way to regain motion and reduce chronic pain.”

Take the First Step

Whether you’re an athlete, a weekend warrior, or simply feeling the effects of time, don’t ignore the signs of elbow arthritis. With the right guidance, you can protect your joints and maintain a healthy, active lifestyle, even if you're dealing with elbow stiffness today.

If you’re struggling with a stiff elbow joint or wondering how to manage elbow arthritis, schedule a consultation to learn more about your options and take control of your joint health.