Surgical vs. Non-Surgical Treatment for Shoulder Dislocations: What’s Right for You?

By Dr. Terrell Joseph | Orthopaedic Surgeon at Vail-Summit Orthopaedics & Neurosurgery

If you’ve recently experienced a shoulder dislocation, you’re not alone. Shoulder dislocations are one of the most common injuries treated in orthopedics—especially among active individuals and athletes. Whether it happened while skiing, mountain biking, or reaching awkwardly for something overhead, the next question is the same: What’s the right way to fix it?

Dr. Terrell Joseph a Vail-Summit Orthopaedics & Neurosurgery board-certified orthopedic surgeon who specializes in shoulder injuries understands that the best shoulder dislocation treatment isn’t one-size-fits-all. The decision between surgical and non-surgical options depends on several factors—age, activity level, injury severity, and whether this is your first dislocation or a repeat event.

What Happens During a Shoulder Dislocation?

The shoulder is the most mobile joint in your body—and that mobility cam sometimes comes at a cost. When the upper arm bone (humerus) pops out of the shoulder socket (glenoid), it’s considered a dislocation. Some people are able to pop it back in themselves (not recommended!), while others require urgent medical attention. Once relocated, the focus turns to healing and preventing future instability.

Shoulder Dislocation Treatment: When Can You Avoid Surgery?

For many people—especially those experiencing their first dislocation—non-surgical treatment is often effective.

"Many patients are able to fully recover without surgery after a dislocated shoulder," says Dr. Terrell Joseph. "This typically includes a brief period of immobilization in a sling, followed by a structured physical therapy program to strengthen the muscles that stabilize the joint."

This approach to shoulder dislocation treatment is particularly appropriate for:

• Older adults with low activity levels

• First-time dislocations without significant bone damage or labral tears

• Patients with good muscular control and minimal pain after reduction

For these patients, shoulder dislocation no surgery options can help restore function and minimize the chance of recurrence.

When is Surgery the Better Option?

If you’ve dislocated your shoulder more than once, or if imaging reveals significant damage to the labrum, rotator cuff, or bone structure, surgery may offer the best long-term outcome.

"In young athletes or people who have repeated instability, the risk of dislocating again is high," explains Dr. Joseph. "Surgical repair allows us to restore the torn structures and prevent future injury."

A surgical dislocated shoulder fix typically involves arthroscopic repair of the labrum (a Bankart repair), tightening of the joint capsule, and—in some cases—bone grafting if there’s notable bone loss. It’s performed minimally invasively, and most patients begin physical therapy within a few days after surgery.

What About Recovery?

Recovery timelines vary depending on the treatment route.

• Non-Surgical Recovery: Sling for 1–3 weeks, followed by 2–3 months of physical therapy. Most people return to normal activity within 3–4 months.

• Surgical Recovery: Sling for 4–6 weeks, followed by 4–6 months of rehab, depending on the demands of your sport or activity.

For both options, the goal is the same: restore stability, reduce pain, and help you return to the things you love.

Patient Spotlight: Back on the Bike

“I dislocated my shoulder while mountain biking and was worried I’d be off the trails all summer. Dr. Joseph helped me understand my options, and we decided on non-surgical rehab. I followed my PT plan closely and was back riding by the end of July. My shoulder feels strong again.”

— Mark P., Eagle, CO

The Bottom Line

Whether you need surgery or not depends on your goals, injury severity, and lifestyle. Dr. Joseph offers personalized shoulder dislocation treatment plans to ensure the best possible outcome—surgical or not.

If you’re searching for a shoulder dislocation no surgery approach or need help determining the right dislocated shoulder fix, schedule a consultation with Dr. Joseph today.